Intravesical Migration of a Copper IUD Complicated by Bladder Stone and Vesicovaginal Fistula in Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Intravesical migration of an intrauterine device (IUD) is a rare complication that may remain undetected for years due to nonspecific urinary symptoms. When present within the bladder, the device can act as a foreign body and serve as a nidus for stone formation, potentially leading to more complex urogenital complications.

Case Report: A 44-year-old woman with a history of copper IUD insertion 10 years prior and no subsequent follow-up presented with continuous urinary incontinence for six years. She had previously been diagnosed with stage IIIB cervical cancer and experienced a period of loss to follow-up. Cystoscopic evaluation revealed a large vesicovaginal fistula measuring approximately 4 cm with a bladder stone impacted within the fistulous tract. Transvaginal extraction was performed, and the extracted calculus contained a migrated IUD as its core. Histopathological examination of bladder and vaginal tissue demonstrated chronic nonspecific inflammation without evidence of malignancy.

Conclusion: This report describes a rare combination of intravesical IUD migration, bladder stone formation, and vesicovaginal fistula in a patient with advanced cervical cancer, highlighting the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management to prevent delayed diagnosis and associated morbidity